4ĭiagnosis of MPS currently depends on physical examination and patient’s self-report of pain. 3 This stems from the observation that myofascial pain is referred pain and hence, central sensitization may have a role to play in that process. 2, 3 Alternative theories postulated that psychological factors, such as stress, are major elements contributing to the activation and maintenance of MTrPs and play a significant role in the intensity of the perception of pain. 1 It has been hypothesized that mechanical factors, such as poor posture, abnormal gait and prior injury, result in muscle overload and eventually lead to muscle contraction and formation of MTrPs and pain reaction. Latent MTrPs may produce local or referred pain after palpation and demonstrate myofascial dysfunction. Patients with active MTrPs typically present with spontaneous and recognizable pain. Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a regional pain disorder that causes small nodules of tight tissue called myofascial trigger points (MTrPs).
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